The integrated monitoring platform of the Internet of Things for power transformation and distribution takes "intelligent control" as the core, adopts the combination of integrated monitoring platform and intelligent monitoring terminal, and through the integrated application of the Internet of Things technology, uses the Internet mode, intelligent environment and security integrated monitoring technology to realize the all-weather status monitoring and intelligent control of power distribution automation management, line loss analysis, load forecasting, and power demand in the substation.

The integrated monitoring platform for power transformation and distribution IoT can display and control all monitoring quantities such as power monitoring, environment, video, ventilation, lighting, safety prevention, fire protection, and auxiliary monitoring of primary equipment on the main interface of the monitoring system. At the same time, the system monitoring provides two monitoring modes: video monitoring and chart monitoring.

The comprehensive monitoring platform of the power transformation and distribution Internet of Things can set up linkage between various subsystems such as power monitoring, environmental monitoring, video monitoring, air conditioning, and equipment linkage within the system. It can also be linked with the station automation system through hardware and software to achieve user-defined equipment linkage, and can complete automatic closed-loop control and alarm according to on-site needs.

1) Solved the problem of multiple devices not being connected to the internet and only being monitored and controlled locally, achieving remote monitoring and control in the distribution room.

2) The interconnected operation of various systems has been achieved, avoiding the formation of monitoring "islands" and effectively conducting comprehensive security management.

3) Replace all mechanical locks in the distribution station with access control to avoid the phenomenon of randomly matching a key to open all doors of each equipment room, prevent the loss of items, and also avoid accidents such as accidentally entering the live interval due to opening the wrong equipment room door, resulting in casualties. At the same time, the access control opening time can be recorded.

4) Replace the manual recording method of inspection and increase the means of power safety, while avoiding the problems of proxy signing, time-consuming and laborious statistics, and inability to achieve real-time monitoring and management.

5) Solving the problem of increased investment and maintenance costs caused by the coexistence of multiple systems, as well as avoiding the phenomenon of equipment from multiple manufacturers running simultaneously, wasting the owner's time and energy.

The system consists of three parts: application layer, network transport layer, and perception control layer. The application layer includes various application modules and hardware servers, etc; The network transmission layer equipment mainly includes intelligent communication devices, wireless transmission devices, industrial fiber optic switches, etc; The perception control layer consists of on-site monitoring devices, sensors, and other equipment.

The application layer is the "brain" of the entire system, integrating data collection, display, statistics, and other work, and is a medium for directly exchanging information with users. The management software has the characteristics of user-friendly interface, concise operation, and beautiful graphics. The software adopts a modular design concept, and each functional management module (such as environmental monitoring module, video monitoring module, power monitoring module, equipment linkage module, etc.) can run independently on different workstations or simultaneously on one workstation, without affecting each other. The modular design concept has improved the reliability of the system.

The network transport layer is the "throat" of this management system, serving as the hub for data exchange between application layer devices and perception control device layers. Mainly responsible for centralizing underlying device data, protocol conversion, interface conversion, preliminary data processing, and responding to instructions issued by central monitoring layer devices for related operations. The network transport layer selects wired and wireless communication methods based on the on-site situation. It can organically connect multiple devices and equipment through fieldbus technology, and achieve information exchange and sharing utilization on the communication network.

The perception control layer includes various on-site monitoring devices and sensor devices, including temperature and humidity modules for environmental monitoring, water leakage monitoring modules, ozone monitoring, etc; Video servers, network cameras, etc. for video surveillance; Intelligent instruments for power monitoring; Temperature probes for wireless temperature measurement modules, etc; Equipment linkage of fans, lighting, air conditioning controllers, etc.

The system station equipment is centered around the station monitoring host and can be connected to switchgear, ring main unit, transformer sensors or intelligent devices, environmental sensors such as temperature and humidity, online infrared bus temperature sensors, cable wireless temperature measurement equipment, SF6 sensors, H2S sensors. Functions such as control of security equipment such as radiation/infrared, fire control host equipment, access control equipment, lighting/air conditioning, and fans. And it can be extended to achieve functions such as image capture, SF6 leakage alarm, fire alarm, etc. The system mainly includes the following subsystems:

Environmental monitoring subsystemWireless temperature monitoring subsystemRemote control subsystem of ring main unitSwitchgear monitoring subsystemEquipment control subsystemVideo surveillance subsystemFire alarm and fire protection subsystemAccess control subsystemLinkage configuration subsystem

1) Environmental monitoring subsystem

The environmental data collection equipment is installed in the distribution substation, and through collection and transmission technology, it can monitor the working environment in real-time (such as temperature, humidity, water leakage, water level, harmful gases (SF6, H2S, O3), etc.); When abnormal environmental conditions are detected, they can be displayed and alarmed in a timely manner, and data can be uploaded to the system platform through the communication network.

The station equipment includes various sensors (temperature, humidity, water leakage, water level, harmful gases, etc.). The system platform can intuitively display the size or status of the monitored quantity, as well as the real-time value of the monitored quantity or the occurrence of various faults.

2) Wireless temperature monitoring subsystem

The wireless temperature measurement system uses electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 2.4G to transmit signals, which are directly installed on high-voltage equipment. The temperature measurement is accurate and can completely solve the problem of electrical insulation. It can measure the temperature of any high-voltage charged body with potential temperature accidents indoors or outdoors.

3) Remote control subsystem of ring main unit

This system can integrate the intelligent ring main unit DTU online monitoring system function, which can support real-time status monitoring and motion control of the ring main unit. By connecting and integrating the remote control RTU monitoring subsystem of the ring main unit, switch opening and closing can be achieved. Remote and close range control, locking and unlocking control. And complete the collection and calculation of position signals, voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, electrical energy and other data of the switchgear, to achieve fault identification, isolation and restoration of power supply to non fault sections of the feeder switch. Equipped with various communication functions, it can upload the collected data to the main station in real time, thereby realizing the automation function of remote measurement and control of ring main units, switch stations, and box type substations. Realize intelligent control of ring main units, switch stations, and transformer substations.

4) Switchgear monitoring subsystem

The opening and closing status of the knife switch (protective switch) is an important monitoring parameter during the operation of power transmission and transformation, and its current status needs to be monitored in real time to control whether the operation of related equipment is normal

a、 The opening and closing status signals of the knife switch (protection switch) are connected, which helps to real-time understand the current status of all relevant knife switch switches in the station;

b、 By integrating video footage from various corners of the station into the system, it is possible to more intuitively observe whether the actual status of the equipment is consistent with the operation when the opening and closing actions of the indoor and outdoor knife switches (protection switches) occur, reducing potential safety hazards;

c、 The system integrates a series of linkage response functions, which can actively turn on the corresponding lighting at the corresponding position when receiving the knife switch action signal at night when the line of sight is unclear, automatically pop up videos, and respond to real-time image monitoring.

5) Equipment Control Subsystem

The system platform can achieve detailed action plans for any designated monitoring location and any event/combination event (such as sensor device detection, video surveillance image analysis, etc.) that occurs at any time, and develop intelligent device linkage plans for any device such as station end equipment, voice, lighting, cameras, etc. Realize air conditioning control, fan control, lighting control, manual control, linkage control, drainage control, and video linkage.

6) Video surveillance subsystem

The video surveillance subsystem is divided into two schemes. The first scheme is in a distribution substation without Ethernet, where video recording is not usually done. When an alarm or other situation occurs, linkage capture is performed, and the captured images can be transmitted to the central platform. The second solution is a distribution network with Ethernet, which can fully adopt a digital monitoring system to achieve professional monitoring functions.

7) Fire alarm and fire protection subsystem

Real time monitoring of fire conditions such as smoke, open flames, and main transformer fire protection.

Alarm linkage function: local sound and light alarm, monitoring center computer alarm, and mobile SMS alarm function. And it can set up subsystems such as linked video, access control, lighting, etc.

The system can be directly connected to smoke detectors or integrated with mainstream firefighting equipment through intelligent interfaces.

8) Access control subsystem

Access control system refers to an intelligent management system based on modern electronic and information technology, which installs automatic identification systems at the entrances and exits of power distribution stations, and implements operations such as release, refusal, and recording of people (or objects) entering and leaving. It uses non-contact smart cards or fingerprints instead of traditional manual document verification and key opening methods. The system automatically recognizes the identity information and access control permission information on the smart card. The cardholder can only open the door automatically and allow entry and exit at the authorized access control point after swiping the card at the designated time. Otherwise, it will refuse to open the door for illegal intrusion and output an alarm signal.

9) Linkage configuration subsystem

Security alarm linkage, environmental quantity alarm linkage, harmful gas linkage, alarm SMS voice linkage configuration, linkage capture video and query, knife switch action video linkage